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J. F. OLDHELD.

PORTABLE DRY KILN.

APPLICATION mm on. Is. 1912.

1 1 94,776 Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

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J. F. OLDFIELD.

PORTABLE DRY KILN.

APPLICATION FILED ocr. l6, wlz.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. F OLDFIELD.

PORTABLE DRY KILN.

APPLHIATION FILED OCT-6.19M. 1,194,776. Patented Aug. 15,1916. 7 SHEETS-SHEET 3 J. F. OLDFIELD.

PORTABLE DRY KILN.

APPLICATION FILED 0cr.1e.1s12.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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J. F. [)LDFIELD.

PORTABLE DRY KILN.

APPLICATION men ocr. I6, 1912.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

J. F. ()LDFIELD.

PORTABLE DRY KILN.

APPLICATION FILED 001'. I6. 1912.

Pamnted Aug. 15, 1916.

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JOHN F. OLDFIELD, OF BEL AIR, MIABYLAND.

PORTABLE DRY-KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented A11 15, 1916.

Application filed October 16, 1912. Serial No. 726,033.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN F. OLDFIELD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bel Air, in the county of Harford and State of hilaryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Portable Dry-Kilns, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved portable dry kiln wherein the same is constructed in an improved manner to enable it to be set up and taken down in order that it may be utilized at places convenient or accessible to the green lumber which it is desired to dry.

The kiln is of that construction which makes use of hot humid air under slight pressure which air is circulated and repeatedly reheated and a moist temperature in eX- cess of the boiling-point of water is maintained.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein,

Figure 1 shows a vertical longitudinal sectional elevation through the kiln constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2, an end elevation of the kiln,one of the door sections being shown in section. Fig. 3, a vertical cross-sectional elevation through the l ll11;tl10 section being taken on the line 3*3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4, shows a sectional plan through the kiln from the green end to the dry end,-tlie section beginning above the lower ends of the said tlues then above the floor sections and then through the floor sections. Fig. 5, shows another sectional plan view beginning at a point above the track rails and gradually extending upwardly and laterally, finally passing through the roof. Fig. 6, is a view showing several floor side and end wall and top or ceiling sections all separated but ready to be closed together for assembly. Fig. 7, shows a sectional plan view through the door sections and the adjoining parts of the kiln. Fig. 8, illustrates one side wall section in perspectlXe and a portion of an adjoining section in vertical section. Fig. 9, shows a detail of the joint which secures one of the side sections and the horizontal rafters together. Fig. 10, is a vertical cross-section through the same, the parts however being separated, and Fig. 11, shows a perspective view of an edge of a ceiling section and the end of a locking beam which is employed to join adjacent sections and to secure the ceiling to the side sections.

Referring to the drawings the numeral, 1, designates the foundation sills of which there are a sufficient number to properly sustain the bottom sections which latter are to be laid flat upon said sills.

The bottom sections, 2, are each in the present instance of a rectangular form and each section has a bottom, 3, a top, 4t, side walls, 5, and end walls, 6, which together form a rectangular receptacle for the reception of a suitable filling, 7, such as saw-dust which latter serves as an insulation. The side wall, 5, at one longitudinal side of each bottom section is provided with a central longitudinal tongue strip, 8, while the opposite side wall is provided with spaced-apart longitudinal strips, 9, with a longitudinal groove, 10, between said strips whereby when the bottom sections are butted together the tongue, 8', on one will enter the groove, 10, on the other and securely lock the two together. Figs. 1 and 6 that the bottom, 3, and top, 4, of the bottom sections are so laid that when the sections are butted the tops and bottoms will close together thus making a tight joint.

In the finished kiln, as can be seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, of the drawings there is interposed between the ends of the bottom sections and the side wall sections, a tie bar, 11, which latter extends from one end of the kiln to the other as will presently be more fully explained.

The sides of the kiln are formed of sections, 12, and each has a studding sill, 13, at its lower end from which two end studs, ll, and a central stud, 15, extend vertically. These vertical studs are all tied together by the inner and outer horizontal boards, 16, which latter form a chamber in which a filling of non-conducting material such as saw-dust, 17, is packed.

The vertical outer face of the end studs, 14., and the vertical ends of the horizontal boards, 16, are covered by a vertical board, 18, to which two vertical tongue strips, 19, are secured. The position of these tongue strips on the adjoining board, 18, of abutting sections is such that when the sections It will be noted, by reference to are butted the tongue-strips on the two sections will interlock and form a tight joint. In the same way a horizontal board, 20, is secured along the upper end of each side sec tion and carries horizontal tongue strips, 21, which are to interlock with the ceiling struc ture, as will presently be explained.

By referring to Figs. 6 and 8 of the draw ings it will be seen that the studs, 14, and, 15, of the sid sections project above the side boards, 16, and also above the boards, 20, and tongue strips, 21. The object of this is to provide for connecting the side sections with the ceiling structure as will presently more fully appear.

Each end sidesection has a corner post, of a stiff timber the lower end of which is notched so as to fit over the end of the bottom section.

After all of the side sections have been placed side by side with the tongues, 19, of one section interlocked with the corresponding tongues on the other section, the side bar, 11, is laid against the vertical inner side of the studding sills of all the sections and secured thereto so as to bind the sections together. This side bar, 11, is placed at the inner side of the side-section sills so that its Vertical flat side will seat against the ends of the bottom sections and by so placing said side bar the same will be pro tected from the Weather.

At that side of the corner with the end Wall sections,

post which joins the vertical face of each end post is provided with a short vertical tongue, 23, as may be seen in Figs. 4 and 6, so that a lap joint may be made be tween said corner posts and the lower endwall sections, 24, which latter are provided with spaced-apart vertical edge-tongues, 25, between which latter the tongue, 23, on the corner post projects. A suitable removable door, 26, is provided in one end section, 24, bv which access may be gained to the interior.

By referring to Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawing it will be noted that an interior sealing strip, 27, is provided at the joint between the bottom sections and the side sections said strip being butted against the inner surface of the side sections and extending hori zontally over the side bar, 11, and onto the top boarding, 4, of the bottom sections.

Upon referring to Figs. 1, 3 and 4 of the drawings, it will be noted that a plurality of flue boards, 28. rise from the bottom sections and that said boards extend horizontally from the side sections and along the top, 4, of said bottom section. These flue boards are arranged at intervals and in spaced-apart position on the bottom sections between the opposite ends of the kiln and are held in such position by the cover-boards, 29, which are secured along their upper edges. In practice these cover boards, 29,

are of suflicient length to cover of the flue boards and when so attached form lower horizontal flue sections each section having a plurality of such flues. The end of each flue board, 28, adjacent to the vertical side wall sections sustains a vertical partition, 30, which latter extends upwardly at the inner side of the side sections so that a plurality of horizontal boards, 31, may be secured against the vertical faces of said partitions, 30, and form a series of vertical flues, which communicate at their lower ends with the horizontal flues on top of the bottom sections as best shown in Fig. 3. It will thus be understood that the partitions, 30, and the boards, 31, are secured together in sections, 32, and, 33, as best shown in Fig. 1 which extend from the top side of the bottom section up into the kiln and that the fines of such sections open at their upper ends, 34, directly into the kiln chamber. It will also be noted that the lower fines are provided at each side of the kiln and extend practically from one end to the other of said kiln.

Above the lower flue sections, 32, and, 33, and directly against the vertical joints of the side sections there are provided a plural ity of vertical strips, 35, shown best in Fig. 5, of the drawings. These strips, extending as they do toward the interior of the kiln, form spacers against which vertical flueboards, 36, may be secured so that when said flue boards are in place a series of narrow flues, 37, will extend upwardly beginning at a point somewhat spaced above the upper ends, 34, of the lower fines and extending up to a series of horizontal ceiling flues, 38. which will presently be explained.

a plurality The ceiling of the kiln is also formed of a r plurality of sections, 39, and, 40, respectively. In the present instance the sections, 39, are located at the opposite ends of the kiln while the sections, 40, are interposed between said end sections.

Each end section has a horizontal beam, 41, along its outer side; a horizontal beam, 42, with spaced-apart tongues, 43, along its opposite or inner side and a central beam,

44, all of which together form a substantially rectangular frame with top and bottom cover boards, 45, and, 46, as shown in Fig. (3. Each ceiling section also has a filling of non-conducting material such as sawdust, 47.

The central beam, 44, of the end sections 2 is somewhat shorter than the section itself and at each end this central beam has two short side beams, 48, and a spacer block, 49, at the outer end and between said side beams (see Fig. 5). By means of this construction a vertical passage, 50, is formed at the two ends of the central beam so that when the end sections are laid on top of the side wall sections the upper projecting ends notches. 58. in the locking of the central studs. 15. of the side sections may enter the said vertical passage. 50. and thus tie the opposite side sections together.

The internaaliatc s-iections. dill'cr from the end sections in that hath side heains. Sl. are provided with spaced-apart tongues. 51!. and that ach of these sections has a vent passage 5;). which extends vertically therethrough as. shown in l igs. 3 M) and ti ol' the drawings. The interiumliate sections are also provided on her under sides with horizontal ceiling lines. 28. nich a re 't'ornied h v s nned-apart horizontal hars. 3!. to wh ch line hoards. 55. are secured. as shown in Fig. (3. The intermediate ceiling sections. it). also have the central heani. 4%. with the short side h Eanis. 4'8. and spacer hleck. i at the ends so as to form the vertical passage or recess into which the upper ends of the central studs. 13. on the side sections project. To secure the ceiling sections together there is provided a locking heani. 5i). which has a longitudinal tongue, 3 along each side and whose ends are prot with hottoin-edge i'iotches. 51% (see rigs. 343%) and 11). The notched ends of these locking hiains straddle the upper end of the side sections and the tongues. 57. at the sides project hetween the spacedaipart tongues. i on the sides of the hean'is. l2. ot' the ceiling sections to engage the latter.

l y reference to Figs. and 11 of the drawings it will he noted that both the tongues. 43. and. 52. ot the adjacent ceiling sections aie shorter than the heanis. l2. and. 51. to which they are secured and that each o'i said heanis has an end block. 59. secured against its tlat side or face so that a vertical crests or socket. (30. will he formed at said end into which the projecting upper ends of the end studs. It. ot' the side sections may project.

When the side and ceiling sections have heen engaged the ertical side. lines. 57. will communicate with the horizontal ceiling lines. 1%. To cd'ect a tight joint at this connection I provide a line-joint strip. 61. which is secured in the corner joint between the vertical and horizontal tines. as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings.

"w reierring to l igs. 2. 2' 5. i). 10 and 11 it will he noted that a tie har. (32. extends horizontally at the upper end of the side walls and from one end to the other of the kiln. This tie har passes through the beams and also through notches, '33. in the end hlocks. 59. and notches. ($2. in the ends of beams. 51. and. t2. This tie har extends horizontally from one corner post. 2'3. of the kiln. across the upper ends of all the side wall sections and to the corner post. s... at the opposite end of the kiln. Suitable. fastenings are driven through the tie law to secure the same to the side and ceiling sections and hy this means all the sections at the top of the kiln are securely held together.

liy referring to Fig. 10. it will he seen that at each end the under side of each ceiling section is provided with spaced-apart tongues. (35. which latter project between the topa-dge tongues. 21. on the upper ends ot' the side sections and elt'ect a tight closure ot the kiln between the side and ceiling sections.

The rcol'. (3(3. of the kiln may he constructed in any suitable way and a detailed description oi the same is deemed unnecessary.

llv reterring to Figs. 1. Q. 3. 5 and 7 it will he sear that the ends of the kiln are closed h diam-sections which will now he explained.

in Figs. 3 and 7. it is clearly shown that at each end oi the kiln the vertical partitions. Z30. extend sutliciently beyond the inner vertical face of the corner post to perinit a vertical jainl'i-strip. ($7. to he secured thereto. it will also he noted that the end ceiling sections. 39. are provided along the under s de of the outer beam. 4]. with a. horizontal jainh-strip. es. The lower end wall sections. 24. are also provided with sill strips. till. which form stops for the doors at the lower edges.

The doors are formed in tour sections. 70. and. 71. and. 72. and. 73. respectively as shown particularly in Figs. 2. and 7.

Each door has a hottoni har. H; a top bar, 75. and two vertical side hars. To. which coniicct the top and bottom bars and form a rectangular frame with diagonally-extending hrace hars. 77. in the frame. llorinontal cover hoards. T8. are secured to the outer and inner faces of the door frame and a filling of saw dust. it). is packed in ach door tor insulating the same against the atmospheric condition on the inner and outer sides of the kiln.

The two end doors. T0. and. 71. are secnred to the corner posts. 22. by siiitahle hinges. 8(). the hinges heing attached at the outer eXposed vertical edges of said doors and posts.

The inner doors. T2. and. T3. are carried hy the door sections. it). and. T1. respeetivel iy means of hinges. ol. which latter are, attached along the inner vertical edges of the connected door sections. The door section. it). has a vertical strip. 82. along its free vertical edge which overlaps onto the outer laee of the door section. T12. while the deer section. 73. has a similar strip. 8 which overlaps onto door section. 71. Another vertical strip. H. is carried on the free edge o'l door section. T12. so as to lap over onto the outer side of door-section. Til. when the sections are closed. ll means of these strips. 8; $2). and. St. the hinged-together edges of the several door sections and the confronting edges of the sections, 72, and, 73, will be substantially tight when the door-sections are closed, as shown in Fig. 7.

At the bottom of the kiln there is provided a series of vertical posts $5, on which horizontal track-beams, 86 are sustained in an elevated position so that track rails, 87, may be laid on said beams and extend through the kiln from one end to the other. Suitable cross braccs, 88, and.v 81), extend cross-wise ot the kiln to rigidly secure the track-beams in place.

Below the track-rails, S7, and between the latter and the lower ends of the vertical fines, I provide a series of heating pipes, 90 to which steam may be supplied tor the purpose of heating the kiln. The particular eon.-- trncti=' n of these pipes not essential to the present invention and a description of the same is therefore deemed unnecessary.

The operation of the kiln constructed as abme explained is not essentially different from other successful kilns but the construe tion whereby the bottom side walls, ceiling, doors and interior fines are tornied in sections whereby the kiln may be eadily set up or taken down and the constructions employed to brace and secure said sections together by wooden tongues, locking beams and tie bars entirely removes all expansion and contraction troubles which would be present to a very great extent it metallic braces and tie devices were en'iployed.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A portable dry kiln plurality of side sections; a side bar ex tending crosswise ot the lower ends of all the side sections to hold the same together; a plurality of ceiling sections;lockingbeams interposed between and locking the ceiling sections together said locking beams also engaging the side sections; tie bars extending crosswise ot' the upper ends of the side sections to hold said latter sections together at the top and in a direction lengthwise of the structure having 21 kiln and lines formed in the kiln at the inner side of the side sections.

A portable dry kiln structure having a plurality of side sections; a plurality of ceiling sections; a locking beam interposed b tween adjacent ceiling sections and having a notch at its end to receive the upper edge of the side sections; a tie bar extending along the ends of the ceiling sections and securing the latter down on the sid sections said tie bar also extending through the notches in the ends of the locking beams; and fines formed at the inner side of some of the side and ceiling sections.

3. A portable dry kiln structure having a plurality of side sections each with studs projecting above their upper ends; a plurality of ceiling sections each of which lat ter has a center and a side beam with a socket at the end of each beam to receive a stud on the side section; a locking beam between each two ceiling sections to lock the two together and the outer ends of said locking beams having a notch in the under side to engage the upper edge of the side sections and fines Formed at the inner side of some of the side and c iling sections.

A portable dry kiln structure having a plurality of rectangular side sections with vertical end and center stnds in each section and each side section having a tongue and groove connection along its upper edge and below the upper ends of the side and center studs thereof; ceiling sections having tongue and groove connections at opposite ends to engage the connections on the upper ends of the side sections and the ceiling sections also having sockets at each end to re ceive the n-ojecting ends of the side-section studs, and fines formed at the inner side of some of the side and ceiling sections.

In testin'iony whereof I allix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. ()LDFIELD.

itnesses (,lnixnrins l3. MANN, J12, G. Finn). Voo'r.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

